Statically assigned addresses are commonly used to identify specific network resources, such as network servers and printers. Other information may be provided by the server.įigures 1-9 and 1-10 provide static and dynamic IPv4 address configuration examples.įigure 1-10 Dynamically Assigning an IP Address The DHCP server provides a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway for end devices. Dynamically Assigned IP Address: IP address information is provided by a server using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).The DNS server IP address can also be configured. Statically Assigned IP Address: The host is manually assigned the correct IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.The packet protocol data unit (PDU) in Figure 1-7 identifies the source and destination IP and MAC addresses.įigure 1-8 Documenting Network Addressing Table 1-2 Addressing TableĪ host can be assigned its IP address information in one of two ways. The router maintains routing table entries of all connected networks as well as entries of remote networks, and determines the best path to reach those destinations.įor example, if PC1 sends a packet to the Web Server located at 172.16.1.99, it would discover that the Web Server is not on the local network and it, therefore, must send the packet to the Media Access Control (MAC) address of its default gateway. The default gateway is usually the address of the interface on the router connected to the local network. It is often used to connect a local network to the Internet. The default gateway is the destination that routes traffic from the local network to devices on remote networks. When a host sends a packet to a device on a different IP network, then the packet is forwarded to the default gateway, because a host device cannot communicate directly with devices outside of the local network. When a host sends a packet to a device that is on the same IP network, the packet is simply forwarded out of the host interface to the destination device.
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